Monash Chemical Society
The Monash Chemical Society has been hosting seminars since its foundation in 1965. Invited local and international speakers cover a wide range of topics.
2023
Nanozymes based on metal-oxo clusters: from discrete species to extended materials
27 November 2023
4-5pm, S11 Lecture Theatre, 16 Rainforest Walk, Building 25 Clayton VIC 3168
Prof. Tatjana N Parac-Vogt is from Dept. of Chemistry at KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
Web: https://lbc.chem.kuleuven.be/
School of Chemistry Sponsors - Karen Coulston - Hills of Plenty Donation, Roy Jackson, Reg Rowe, John Warner, John Parrot, Merck
Abstract:
Nanomaterials with enzyme-like properties (aka nanozymes) combine low cost, stability, and the unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials with rational design of catalysts that can overcome intrinsic limitations of natural enzymes. While the vast majority of reported nanozymes exhibit oxidoreductase activity, the nanomaterials with other types of enzymatic activity remain largely unexplored. Considering that protease enzymes account for nearly 60% of the industrial market in the world, and have found applications in many industrial, biotechnological, and scientific areas, engineered materials that mimic protease activity but are cheaper, recyclable, and more robust are of great interest. Proteases are also widely used in the field of proteomics, which after the Human Genome Project, became a rapidly growing field aiming to extract fundamental knowledge about proteins structure and function. Such information is essential for the discovery of new protein markers for disease
diagnostics. During the past decade our group has developed a range of different nanozymes for the hydrolysis of peptide bonds, ranging from discrete metal-oxo clusters to extended three-dimensional materials such as metalorganic frameworks (MOFs). We have shown that such nanozymes hold potential in middle-down proteomics applications that focus on the detection of protein isoforms, which have been linked to a number of different diseases.
Designing Polymer Architectures for Optoelectronic Applications
(RACI Polymer Division – Solomon Lecture)
18 October 2023
4pm, South 1 Theatre, 43 Rainforest Walk, Building 64 Clayton VIC 3168
Prof. Dr. Brigitte Voit is Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Germany (voit@ipfdd.de)
School of Chemistry Sponsors - Karen Coulston - Hills of Plenty Donation, Roy Jackson, Reg Rowe, John Warner, John Parrot, Merck
Abstract:
The microelectronics industry and especially the organic/flexible electronics industry continue to demand new innovative polymeric materials. Examples of newly developed polymers of high charge mobility as very promising, printable and stable active materials of printed organic field effect transistors (OFETs) will be shown. Controlled polymerization techniques like Kumada-Catalyst-Transfer-Polycondensation allow to prepare polymeric semiconductors with precision structure under mild conditions with very low catalyst amount, resulting in very high molar mass products with low defects and improved performance, as well as being able to design the architecture and end group. In addition, synthetic procedure have been improved for various C-C coupling reactions to prepare e.g. fluorene, carbazoles, diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) or naphthaline diimide based structures with improved performance, and adding features like crosslinking ability, reactive end functionality, and improved processing properties. Examples will be given for effective crosslinking by temperature and UV for polycarbazoles having azide and alkyne groups, and for covalently binding dopants to polymeric semiconductors.
Highly aromatic polymers exhibit usually high thermal and mechanical stability but also limited solubility and processability. Introducing branching can solve this limitation allowing to combining excellent material properties with the needed requirements for integration of these materials into application. Hb polyphenylenes prepared through Diels-Alder cycloaddition reactions have been prepared for their use as dielectric materials in MOFET as well organic field effect transistors. High refractive index (HRI) materials play a very important role in optoelectronic applications. We developed a class of aromatic HRI hb polymers based on an easily scalable A2+B3 approach making use of thiol-yne addition reaction. Fully soluble materials of reasonable molar masses and good film forming properties could be obtained which showed very high refractive index data up to 1.79 at 589 nm. High performance state-of-the-art phosphorescent red OLED external quantum efficiencies (EQE) of over 20 % having our hb polyvinylsulfides as polymeric out-coupling layer. Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials are discussed as one of the most promising future OLED materials
Creating New Materials Inspired by Nature
9 August 2023
4pm, South 1 Theatre, 43 Rainforest Walk, Building 64 Clayton VIC 3168
Pre-registration required click here for more
1. Prof. Chun-Xia Zhao is the Node Leader and Program leader of the ARC Centre of Excellence; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Adelaide
2. Honorary Professor, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland
Abstract:
Nature has intricately developed an extensive array of materials and processes, showcasing sophisticated structures and functions ranging from the macroscale to the nanoscale through the course of evolution. Taking inspiration from nature, we harness biological methods and knowledge to engineer and fabricate innovative bioinspired materials and biomimetic devices (tumor chips and organ chips) for drug delivery and drug screening with the ultimate goal of accelerating their translation. We design multiple functional biomolecules which can self-assemble at interfaces to form different nanostructures. We develop bioinspired platform technologies for producing nanoparticle libraries (lipids, polymer nanoparticles, nanocapsules, cell membrane camouflaged nanoparticles) with reproducible and systematically varied properties for targeted delivery. Through systematic studies of these nanoparticle libraries, we discovered a new physical attribute – nanoparticles’ mechanical properties – and its crucial role in regulating their biological functions in targeted delivery. We have also developed biomimicking chips (Tumor-on-a-Chip, Tumor-Vasculature-on-a-Chip) to evaluate nanoparticles for targeted delivery and to fundamentally understand their extravasation and tumor accumulation.
The Mysteries of Chirality, Solvation, and Optical Activity
31 July 2023
4pm - Lecture Theatre S1 16 Rainforest Walk Building 25 Clayton, VIC 3800
Pre-registration required click here for more
T. Daniel Crawford is from Molecular Sciences Software Institute,
Virginia Tech Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
Abstract:
The optical properties of chiral molecules are among the most challenging to predict and simulate because of their delicate dependence on a variety of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including electron correlation, basis set completeness, vibrational/temperature effects, and more. In numerous studies over the last two decades, we have demonstrated the importance of advanced quantum mechanical models for the prediction of an array of gas-phase chiroptical properties such as optical rotation angles, circular dichroism spectra, Raman optical activity scattering intensity differences, etc. The primary disadvantage of such high-accuracy methods, however, is their extreme computational cost, which limits significantly the size of molecules and molecular clusters to which they may be applied. Furthermore, solvation makes the task even more difficult, not only dramatically expanding the complexity of the simulation, but sometimes altering even the sign of the chiral response. It is thus essential that we improve the efficiency of the most accurate and reliable quantum chemical methods. In this lecture, I will discuss recent efforts in my group toward this goal, including the exploration of local correlation techniques, a variety of implicit and explicit solvation models, and even explicitly time-dependent dynamics.
2020
Would you like arsenic with that?
3 November 2020
4pm - Pre-registration required Please click here for Zoom connection details
Professor Ian D.Rae is from Melbourne University
Abstract:
Arsenic is a common and widespread constituent of rocks and minerals and arsenic trioxide is produced in mining and smelting operations involving them. Natural weathering releases it into the environment where it can contaminate groundwater and turn up in odd places like lobsters and Bogong moths. Despite its known toxicity, arsenic was used in 'well being' preparations like Fowler's Solution (potassium arsenite), and some Austrians were said to be regular users of arsenic trioxide. Early adventures in therapeutics (selective toxicity) involved arsenicals like Salvarsan for treatment of syphilis. Historically it was used to control weeds, rats and cattle ticks. Murderers, in real life and in fiction, found it was just what they needed. The mechanism of action probably involves binding to -SH groups. Chemically, this element is a metalloid, showing metallic and non-metallic properties that are exemplified in the applications described in this talk.
2019
From ultrafast processes in solar cells to prediction of meat quality: using spectroscopy and computational methods to understand complex systems
14 November 2019
4pm Lecture Theatre S4, 16 Rainforest Walk.
Professor Keith Gordon is from University of Otago, New Zealand
Abstract:
From ultrafast processes in solar cells to prediction of meat quality: using spectroscopy and computational methods to understand complex systems. Keith C. Gordon, University of Otago, Department of Chemistry, Union Place West, Dunedin, NEW ZEALAND. Vibrational spectroscopy is a potent method of analysing molecular structure within small volumes and at fast timescales. In this presentation I will try to cover off three related but distinct areas of interest. Firstly, I will discuss how using a suite of spectroscopic methods, and by studying a series of complexes (metal-based donor-acceptor systems) in which parameters are carefully controlled, it is possible to develop design principles for excited state properties such that one can enhance electronic absorption and increase excited state lifetimes. Useful properties in both solar cells and photocatalysis. The understanding of how these properties, both ground and excited state, are modulated by driving force and effective conjugation is not straightforward. Secondly, the use of computational chemistry in modelling properties of compounds has become ubiquitous in modern chemistry. However these do not always predict molecular behaviour effectively and unpicking the extent of deviation between theory and experiment reveals some interesting problems in our reliance on computational methods. Our studies on the spectroscopy of donor-acceptor and π, π* systems highlight these issues. Finally, our experimental development, originally aimed at understanding ground and excited state properties of metal complexes and other donor-acceptor systems, has provided us with tools that are amenable to analytical spectroscopy. We have used these tools in the study of primary produce and pharmaceuticals. More recently we have used low-frequency Raman spectroscopy to evaluate crystallinity (and order in general) in structures as varied as solar cell polymers to active pharmaceutical ingredients. Our studies in these areas will also be described.
Biography:
Keith Gordon received his BSc Hons (I) in 1986 and PhD in 1989 in chemistry from Queens University, Belfast, UK. His PhD research, under the direction of Professor John J McGarvey, focused on laser spectroscopy of solar energy compounds. He was awarded a Director’s Fellowship at Los Alamos National Laboratories, USA, and worked with Professor W H Woodruff from 1989 – 1992 on ultrafast laser spectroscopy of biological systems and solar energy materials. In 1993 Keith took up a lecturing post in the Chemistry Department at the University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand, becoming Professor in 2009 in that department; he is currently Head of the Department. Keith was President of the New Zealand Institute of Chemistry in 2006 and is a founding Principal Investigator in the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology and the Dodd-Walls Centre for photonic and quantum technologies. Keith is a Fellow of the Royal Society of New Zealand, the Royal Society of Chemistry and the New Zealand Institute of Chemistry. Keith’s research interests focus on the understanding the properties of conducting polymers, nanostructured electromaterials, such as found in dye-sensitised solar cells, dairy products and pharmaceuticals using spectroscopy and computational chemistry.
A Bio-Carbon Future - Death and Resurrection of the Petrochemical Industry?
30 October 2019
4pm Lecture Theatre S4, 16 Rainforest Walk.
Dr Mike Mason is from the Oxford Martin School at the University of Oxford
Abstract:
The ultimate fate of all carbon extracted from underground is either the atmosphere, the oceans, or the plastosphere - that undegradable morass of plastic floating in our oceans, our soils and our landfills. All of these sinks are saturated, and according to the recent IPCC report society has to move to net negative CO2 - burying perhaps 10GT/year for the long term. This means zero carbon from underground can be extracted in the future. In this context, what happens to the industries that need carbon for products and processes? They currently use GT of carbon per year. Where will it come from, how will they use it, and where will it go to?
Biography:
Mike is an engineer who founded ClimateCare, the world’s first carbon trading business. This was sold to JP Morgan where for three years he was a Managing Director. Thereafter he was appointed Energy Advisor to the President of Maldives (de facto Minister of Energy) where his brief was to create the world’s first fully renewable economy. This was interrupted by a coup d’état. He is currently an investor and director in a range of new technology companies working to solve climate change, and holds various research fellowships at the Universities of Oxford and Bath. His current interests centre on the challenges of deep decarbonisation of society and the transition to a negative carbon economy.