2023.

Maybery, D., Berger, E., Dipnall, J.F., Campbell, T.C.H. & Carroll. M.(2023) Posttraumatic Stress Among School Students Following the 2014 Hazelwood Mine Fire. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma. Available by subscription at https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2023.2228240. For a free copy of this article, please email contact@hazelwoodhealthstudy.org.au

Lane, TJ,  Carroll, M,  Borg, BM,  McCaffrey, TA,  Smith, CL,  Gao, CX, et al.  Long-term effects of extreme smoke exposure on COVID-19: A cohort study. Respirology.  2023. https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14591

Ziou M, Gao CX, Wheeler AJ, Zosky GR, Stephens N, Knibbs LD, et al. Primary and pharmaceutical care usage concurrent associations with a severe smoke episode and low ambient air pollution in early life. Science of The Total Environment. 2023;883:163580. Freely available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163580

Gao, C.X., Menssink, J., Campbell, T.C.H. et al. Somatic symptoms, psychological distress and trauma after disasters: lessons from the 2014 Hazelwood mine fire and 2019–20 Black Summer bushfires. BMC Public Health 23, 1573 (2023). Freely available at https://rdcu.be/djSFv

McCrabb T, Borg B, Gao CX, Smith C, Brown D, Ikin J, Makar A, Lane T, Abramson MJ, Thompson BR. (2023) Ventilation heterogeneity is increased in adults exposed to coal mine fire-related PM2.5. medRxiv 2023.06.08.23291105. This is a pre-print version (not peer reviewed) freely available at www.doi.org/10.1101/2023.06.08.23291105

Gao C.X., Broder J.C., Brilleman S., Campbell T.C.H., Berger E., Ikin J., Smith C.L., Wolfe R., Johnston F., Guo Y., Carroll M. (2023) Evaluating the impact of Hazelwood mine fire event on students’ educational development with Bayesian interrupted time-series hierarchical meta-regression. PLoS ONE 18(3): e0281655. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281655

Hemstock, E., Foong, R., Hall, G., Wheeler, A., Dharmage, S., Dalton, M., Williamson, G.,  Gao, C., Abramson, M., Johnston, F., Zosky, G. (2023) No association between in utero exposure to emissions from a coalmine fire and post-natal lung function. BMC Pulmonary Medicine volume 23, 120 (2023). Freely available at https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-023-02414-7

Sheppard, N., Carroll, M., Gao, C.X. and Lane, T. (2023) Particulate matter air pollution and COVID-19 infection, severity, and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Science of The Total Environment. DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163272. Freely available at https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969723018910

Smith, C. L.,  Campbell, T. C. H.,  Gao, C. X.,  Lane, T. J.,  Maybery, D.,  Berger, E.,  Brown, D.,  Ikin, J. F.,  McFarlane, A.,  Abramson, M. J., &  Carroll, M. (2023).  Sociodemographic circumstances, health, and life experience shape posttraumatic distress trajectories among individuals exposed to smoke during a large-scale coal mine fire. Journal of Traumatic Stress,  00,  1– 9. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.22923

Smith, C. L., Gao, C. X., Xu, R., Ikin, J. F., Dimitriadis, C., Carroll, M. T., Sim, M. R., Stub, D., Lane, T. J., Abramson, M. J., & Guo, Y. (2023). Long-term impact of the 2014 Hazelwood coal mine fire on emergency department presentations in Australia. Environmental research, 115440. Freely available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.115440

2022.

Ziou, M., Tham, R., Wheeler, A. J., Zosky, G. R., Stephens, N., & Johnston, F. H. (2022). Outdoor particulate matter exposure and upper respiratory tract infections in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Environmental Research, 210, 112969. Freely available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.112969

O'Donohue, K. A., Berger, E., McLean, L., Gao, C. X., Broder, J. C., Abramson, M. J., Sim, M. R., Ikin, J., Brown, D., Dimitriadis, C., Walker, J., & Carroll, M. (2022). The psychological impacts of a smoke event on young adults compared to other aged adults in Victoria, Australia. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 70, 102727. Available at www.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102727

Mundisugih, J., Gao, C., Ikin, J., Abramson, M., Brown, D., Biswas, S., Dewar, E., Kilpatrick, K., Liew, D., & Stub, D. (2022). Vascular responses among adults exposed to smoke from the Hazelwood coal mine fire. Vascular Health and Risk Management; 18: 253-265. Freely available at www.doi.org/10.2147/VHRM.S339439

Carroll, M., Gao, C. X., Campbell, T. C. H., Smith, C. L., Dimitriadis, C., Berger, E., et al (2021). Impacts of coal mine fire-related PM_2.5 on the utilisation of ambulance and hospital services for mental health conditions. Atmospheric Pollution Research, 2022, 101415. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2022.101415

Carroll, M., Campbell, T. C. H., Smith, C. L., Gao, C. X., Maybery, D., Berger, E., Brown, D., Allgood, S., Broder, J. C., Ikin, J., McFarlane, A., Sim, M. R., Walker, J., & Abramson, M. J. (2022). An exploration of the trajectory of psychological distress associated with exposure to smoke during the 2014 Hazelwood coal mine fire. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 241, 113946. Available by paid subscription at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.113946. A free copy of the full pre-print version of the article is available at https://psyarxiv.com/tz5c4/

Taylor, S., Borg, B., Gao, C., Brown, D., Hoy, R., Makar, A., McCrabb, T., Ikin, J. F., Thompson, B. R., & Abramson, M. J. (2022). The impact of the Hazelwood coal mine fire smoke exposure on asthma. Journal of Asthma, 59(2), 213-222. Available by subscription at https://doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2020.1847931.  Please note, this article is only available from the journal by paid subscription. A free copy of the full pre-print version of the article is available at https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/631317v1

Xu, R., Gao, C. X., Dimitriadis, C. et al (2022) Long-term impacts of coal mine fire emitted PM_2.5 on hospitalization: a longitudinal analysis of the Hazelwood Health Study. International Journal of Epidemiology, 51 (1), 179-190. Available by subscription at www.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyab249 or a copy of the paper can be requested by emailing contact@hazelwoodhealthstudy.org.au.

2021.

Berger, E., Gao, C., Broder, J., Campbell, T., Maybery, D., & Carroll, M. (2021). The impact of a mine fire and smoke event on academic outcomes for primary and secondary school students. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. Available by subscription at www.doi.org/10.1037/tra0001179.  A free copy of the pre-print version of the article is available at www.psyarxiv.com/unms5/

Carroll, M., Gao, C. X., Campbell, T. C. H., Smith, C. L., Dimitriadis, C., Berger, E., et al (2021). Impacts of coal mine fire-related PM_2.5 on the utilisation of ambulance and hospital services for mental health conditions. This is a pre-print version (not peer reviewed) freely available at https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/hgv7t . Please note, this paper was subsequently published in the peer-reviewed International Journal "Atmospheric Pollution Research" in 2022 and is available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2022.101415

Broder, J. C., Gao, C. X., Abramson, M. J., Wolfe, R., Dimitriadis, C., Ikin, J., Sim, M. R., Del Monaco, A., Johnston, F. H., Carroll, M., Brown, D., Smith, K., & Guo, Y. (2021). Long-term impact of exposure to coalmine fire emitted PM_2.5 on emergency ambulance attendances. Chemosphere, 288, 132339. Available by subscription at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132339. A copy of this paper is available by emailing contact@hazelwoodhealthstudy.org.au

Samuel, R., Carroll, M. T. C., Ikin, J. F., Gao, C. X., Del Monaco, A., McFarlane, A., Berger, E., Maybery, D., Broder, J., Brown, D., Sim, M. R., Walker, J., & Abramson, M. J. (2022). Associations between self-reported respiratory symptoms and non-specific psychological distress following exposure to a prolonged landscape fire. Stress and Health, 38(2). Available by subscription at  www.doi.org/10.1002/smi.3097 or request a copy of this paper by emailing contact@hazelwoodhealthstudy.org.au

Yu, P., Guo, Y., Gao, C. X., Dimitriadis, C., Ikin, J. F., Del Monaco, A., Brown, D., Sim, M. R., & Abramson, M. J. (2021). Impacts of high concentration, medium duration coal mine fire related PM_2.5 on cancer incidence: 5-year follow-up of the Hazelwood Health Study. Environmental Health Insights, 15(1). Freely available at https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/11786302211059722

Carroll, M., Campbell, T. C. H., Smith, C. L., Gao, C. X., Maybery, D., Berger, E., David Brown, et al. (2021). An exploration of the trajectory of psychological distress associated with exposure to smoke during the 2014 Hazelwood coal mine fire. There is a pre-print version (not peer reviewed) freely available at https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/tz5c4 . Please note, this 2021 pre-print paper was subsequently published in the peer-reviewed International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health in 2022 at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.113946

Holt, N. R., Gao, C. X., Borg, B. M. et al. Long-term impact of coal mine fire smoke on lung mechanics in exposed adults. Respirology. 2021; 1– 8. Freely available at https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14102 . An editorial in relation to this paper has been published in Respirology. Holm, S. Long-term changes to lung mechanics following smoke exposure are cause for concern. Respirology. 2021; 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14127

Dimitriadis, C., Gao, C. X., Ikin, J. F., Wolfe, R., Gabbe, B. J., Sim, M. R., Abramson, M. J., Guo, Y. (2021) Exposure to mine fire related particulate matter and mortality: A time series analysis from the Hazelwood Health Study, Chemosphere, 285, 31351. Freely available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131351.

Lee, W. K., Smith, C. L., Gao, C. X. et al (2021) Are E-cigarette use and vaping associated with increased respiratory symptoms and poorer lung function in a population exposed to smoke from a coal mine fire? Respirology,  26(10), 974-981. Available by subscription at https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14113 or request a copy of this paper by emailing contact@hazelwoodhealthstudy.org.au

Hemstock, E. J., Shao, J., Zhao, B. et al (2021). Associations between respiratory and vascular function in early childhood. Respirology, 26(11), 1060-1066. Available by subcription at https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.14117 or request a copy of this paper by emailing contact@hazelwoodhealthstudy.org.au

Gao, C. X., Broder, J. C., Brilleman, S., Berger, E., Ikin, J., Smith, C. L., Campbell, T. C. H., Wolfe, R., Johnston, F., Guo, Y., & Carroll, M. (2021). Evaluating the impact of Hazelwood mine fire event on students’ educational development with Bayesian interrupted time-series hierarchical meta-regression. medRxiv, 2021.2003.2028.21254516. This a pre-print version (not peer reviewed) freely available at https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.28.21254516 . Please note, a peer reviewed version of this paper was subsequently published in 2023 in the journal PLoS ONE and can be found at https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281655

Betts, J., Dewar, E. M., Stub, D., Gao, C. X., Brown, D. W., Ikin, J. F., Zeleke, B. M., Biswas, S., Abramson, M. J., & Liew, D. (2021). Markers of Cardiovascular Disease among Adults Exposed to Smoke from the Hazelwood Coal Mine Fire. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 1587. Freely available at https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041587

2020.

Berger, E., Maybery, D., Carroll, M. (2020) Children’s Perspectives on the Impact of the Hazelwood Mine Fire and Subsequent Smoke Event. Child & Youth Care Forum. DOI: 10.1007/s10566-020-09551-8. Available by subscription from https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-020-09551-8 or request a copy of this paper by emailing contact@hazelwoodhealthstudy.org.au

Prasad, S., Gao, C., Borg, B., Broder, J., Brown, D., Ikin, J., Makar, A., McCrabb, T., Hoy, R., Thompson, B., & Abramson, M. J. (2020). Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in adults exposed to fine particles from a coal mine fire. medRxiv, 2020.2010.2014.20213033. This a pre-print version (not peer reviewed) freely available at https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.14.20213033 . Please note, this 2020 pre-print paper was subsequently published in the peer-reviewed Annals of the American Thoracic Society in 2021 and is available by subscription at at www.atsjournals.org/doi/10.1513/AnnalsATS.202012-1544OC

Betts, J. M., Gao, C., Brown, D., Ikin, J., Maniam, R., Stub, D., Abramson, M. J., & Liew, D. (2020). Factors associated with hypertension and its management among older rural Australians. Australian Journal of Rural Health, 28(4), 399-407. Available by subscription at https://doi.org/10.1111/ajr.12634 For a free copy of this paper please email  contact@hazelwoodhealthstudy.org.au

Holt, N. R., Gao, C. X., Borg, B. M., Brown, D., Broder, J. C., Ikin, J., Makar, A., McCrabb, T., Nilsen, K., Thompson, B. R., & Abramson, M. J. (2020). Long term impact of coal mine fire smoke on lung mechanics in exposed adults. medRxiv, 2020.2010.2014.20213009. This a pre-print version (not peer reviewed) freely available at https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.14.20213009.

Willis, G. A., Chappell, K., Williams, S., Melody, S. M., Wheeler, A., Dalton, M., Dharmage, S. C., Zosky, G. R., & Johnston, F. H. (2020). Respiratory and atopic conditions in children two to four years after the 2014 Hazelwood coalmine fire. Medical Journal of Australia, 213(6), 269-275. Freely available at https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.50719

Gao, C. X., Dimitriadis, C., Ikin, J., Dipnall, J. F., Wolfe, R., Sim, M. R., Smith, K., Cope, M., Abramson, M. J., & Guo, Y. (2020). Impact of exposure to mine fire emitted PM_2.5 on ambulance attendances: a time series analysis from the Hazelwood Health Study. Environmental Research, 110402. Available by subscription at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.110402. For a free copy of this article, please email contact@hazelwoodhealthstudy.org.

Melody, S. M., Wheeler, A. J., Dalton, M., Williamson, G. J., Negishi, K., Willis, G., Shao, J., Zhao, B., Chappell, K., Wills, K., Reeves, M., Emmerson, K. M., Ford, J., Dennekamp, M., Foong, R. E., Abramson, M. J., Ikin, J., Walker, J., Venn, A., Dharmage, S., Hall, G., Zosky, G., & Johnston, F. (2020). Cohort Profile: The Hazelwood Health Study Latrobe Early Life Follow-Up (ELF) Study. International Journal of Epidemiology. dyaa136. Available by subscription at https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyaa136. For a free copy of this article, please email contact@hazelwoodhealthstudy.org.

Owen, A. J., Abramson, M. J., Ikin, J. F., McCaffrey, T. A., Pomeroy, S., Borg, B. M., Gao, C. X., Brown, D., & Liew, D. (2020). Recommended Intake of Key Food Groups and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Australian Older, Rural-Dwelling Adults. Nutrients, 12(3), 860. Freely available at https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12030860

Broder, J. C., Gao, C. X., Campbell, T. C. H., Berger, E., Maybery, D., McFarlane, A., Tsoutsoulis, J., Ikin, J. F., Abramson, M. J., Sim, M. R., Walker, J., A, L., & Carroll, M. (2020). The factors associated with distress following exposure to smoke from an extended coal mine fire Environmental Pollution 266, 115131. Available by subscription at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115131. A free copy of the full pre-print version of the article is available at https://psyarxiv.com/a82fm

Maybery, D., Jones, R., Dipnall, J. F., Berger, E., Campbell, T., McFarlane, A., & Carroll, M. (2020). A mixed-methods study of psychological distress following an environmental catastrophe: the case of the Hazelwood open-cut coalmine fire in Australia. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 33(2), 216-230. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2019.1695523. For a full copy of this article, please email contact@hazelwoodhealthstudy.org.

Luhar, A. K., Emmerson, K. M., Reisen, F., Williamson, G. J., & Cope, M. E. (2020). Modelling smoke distribution in the vicinity of a large and prolonged fire from an open-cut coal mine. Atmospheric Environment, 117471. Available from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117471

Ikin, J. F., Carroll, M., Walker, J., Borg, B., Brown, D., Cope, M., Del Monaco, A., Dennekamp, M., Dimitriadis, C., Gao, C. X., guo, Y., Johnston, F. H., Liew, D., Maybery, D., Thompson, B. R., Sim, M. R., & Abramson, M. J. (2020). Cohort Profile: The Hazelwood Health Study Adult Cohort. International Journal of Epidemiology, dyaa083. Available by subscription at https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyaa083. For a free copy of this article, please email contact@hazelwoodhealthstudy.org.

Guo, Y., Gao, C. X., Dennekamp, M., Dimitriadis, C., Straney, L., Ikin, J., & Abramson, M. J. (2020). The association of coal mine fire smoke with hospital emergency presentations and admissions: Time series analysis of Hazelwood Health Study. Chemosphere, 253, 126667. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126667 Available at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653520308602

Shao, J., Zosky, G. R., Hall, G. L., Wheeler, A. J., Dharmage, S., Melody, S., Dalton, M., Foong, R. E., O'Sullivan, T., Williamson, G. J., Chappell, K., Abramson, M. J., & Johnston, F. H. (2020). Early life exposure to coal mine fire smoke emissions and altered lung function in young children. Respirology, 25(2), 198-205. https://doi.org.10.1111/resp.13617 For a full copy of this article, please email contact@hazelwoodhealthstudy.org.au

Shao, J., Zosky, G. R., Wheeler, A. J., Dharmage, S., Dalton, M., Williamson, G. J., O’sullivan, T., Chappell, K., Knibbs, L. D., & Johnston, F. H. (2020). Exposure to air pollution during the first 1000 days of life and subsequent health service and medication usage in children. Environmental Pollution, 256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113340 Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749119334773?via%3Dihub

2019.

Johnson, A. L., Gao, C. X., Dennekamp, M., Williamson, G. J., Brown, D., Carroll, M. T. C., Ikin, J. F., Del Monaco, A., Abramson, M. J., & Guo, Y. (2019). Associations between Respiratory Health Outcomes and Coal Mine Fire PM_2.5 Smoke Exposure: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(21), 4262. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/21/4262 or freely available from https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214262

Zhao, B., Johnston, F. H., Dalton, M., & Negishi, K. (2019). Feasibility and Normal Ranges of Arterial Intima-Media Thickness and Stiffness in 2-Year-Old Children: A Pilot Study. Pediatr Cardiol, 40(5), 914-920. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-019-02088-1. For a full copy of this article, please email contact@hazelwoodhealthstudy.org.au

Zhao, B., Johnston, F. H., O’Sullivan, T., Williamson, G. J., Melody, S., Dalton, M., Venn, A., & Negishi, K. (2019). Early life exposure to coal mine fire and tobacco smoke affect subclinical vascular function. Archives of Disease in Childhood, archdischild-2019-317528. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-317528 For a copy of this article, please email contact@hazelwoodhealthstudy.org.au

Johnson, A. L., Gao, C. X., Dennekamp, M., Williamson, G. J., Carroll, M. T. C., Dimitriadis, C., Dipnall, J. F., Ikin, J. F., Johnston, F. H., McFarlane, A. C., Sim, M. R., Stub, D. A., Abramson, M. J., & Guo, Y. (2019). Coal-mine fire-related fine particulate matter and medical-service utilization in Australia: a time-series analysis from the Hazelwood Health Study. International Journal of Epidemiology. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyz21 For a copy of this article, please email contact@hazelwoodhealthstudy.org.au

Melody, S. M., Ford, J. B., Wills, K., Venn, A., & Johnston, F. H. (2019). Maternal exposure to fine particulate matter from a large coal mine fire is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study. Environmental Research, 108956. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2019.108956 For a copy of this article, please email contact@hazelwoodhealthstudy.org.au

Melody, S. M., Ford, J., Wills, K., Venn, A., & Johnston, F. H. (2019). Maternal exposure to fine particulate matter from a coal mine fire and birth outcomes in Victoria, Australia. Environ Int, 127, 233-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.028 or MelodyEtAI_2019_MaternalExposureBirthOutcomes_Envtlnt.pdf

Johnson, A. L., Dipnall, J. F., Dennekamp, M., Williamson, G. J., Gao, C. X., Carroll, M. T. C., Dimitriadis, C., Ikin, J. F., Johnston, F. H., McFarlane, A. C., Sim, M. R., Stub, D. A., Abramson, M. J., & Guo, Y. (2019). Fine particulate matter exposure and medication dispensing during and after a coal mine fire: A time series analysis from the Hazelwood Health Study. Environmental Pollution, 246, 1027-1035. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.12.085 For a copy of this article, please email contact@hazelwoodhealthstudy.org.au

Maybery, D., Jones, R., Carroll, M., Dipnall, J., Berger, E., Campbell, T. C. H., & McFarlane, A. (2019). Psychological outcomes following the Hazelwood mine fire: A mixed methods study. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/euj96

2018.

Berger, E., Carroll, M., Maybery, D., & Harrison, D. (2018). Disaster Impacts on Students and Staff from a Specialist, Trauma-Informed Australian School. Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, 11(4), 521-530.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s40653-018-0228-6. (Please note, this article is only available from the journal by paid subscription. A free copy of the full pre-print version of the article is available at https://psyarxiv.com/agdb5/

Berger, E., Carroll, M., & Maybery, D. (2018). Children’s perspectives on the impact of the Hazelwood mine fire and subsequent smoke event. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/8mhxf (Please note, this 2018 pre-print paper was subsequently published in the peer-reviewed Child and Youth Forum in 2020. Available by subscription from www.doi.org/10.1007/s10566-020-09551-8 or request a copy of this paper by emailing contact@hazelwoodhealthstudy.org.au)

Jones, R., Lee, S., Maybery, D., and McFarlane, A. (2018) Experiences of a prolonged coal-mine fire. Disaster Prevention and Management,27(5), 534-545. https://doi.org/10.1108/DPM-05-2018-0145. (Please note, this article is only available from the journal by paid subscription. A free copy of the full pre-print version of the article is available at https://researchmgt.monash.edu/ws/portalfiles/portal/252507394/252145312_oa.pdf

2017.

Yell, S. & Duffy, M. (2017). Community empowerment and trust: social media use during the Hazelwood mine fire. Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience, 33 (2), 66 - 70.

Duffy, M., & Whyte, S. (2017). The Latrobe Valley: The politics of loss and hope in a region of transition. Australasian Journal of Regional Studies, 23 (3), 421 - 446. https://www.anzrsai.org/assets/Uploads/PublicationChapter/AJRS-23.3-pages-421-to-446.pdf