Functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea, a diagnosis of exclusion

Abstract

Functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea (FHA) is common, but often misdiagnosed, risking inappropriate management and compromised patient education and counselling. This review of the relevant literature is intended to share with readers an overview of the current understanding of the cause of FHA, investigations to consider in patient assessment, and diagnoses to exclude. Practical advice is presented, accompanied by relevant evidence for management strategies and screening for sequelae of FHA. A case scenario has been utilised to aid reader understanding and application.