The skin is our largest organ: the boundary between the body and the environment, and the immune system’s first line of defence. In collaboration with the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, we’re using cutting edge technologies, and leveraging critical advances in genomics and immunotherapy to gain insights into disease processes and develop novel approaches to management.
Who we are
Our team combines leading expertise in Skin research across Inflammatory dermatoses, Informatics and Neoplasia, with established collaborations across disciplines, including oncology, pathology, cardiology, endocrinology, infectious diseases, radiology, transplant medicine, rheumatology, autoimmunity, data science, artificial intelligence, data engineering, bioinformatics, biostatistics, genomics, immunoproteomics, immunology and microbiome, pharmacology and drug discovery.
The executive team
Co-Heads
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Dr Miles Andrews is a Senior Research Fellow and leads the Cancer and Host Dynamics Group in the School of Translational Medicine at Monash University. He is also a Medical Oncologist and Head of Immuno-oncology at The Alfred and leads the Neoplasia stream of the SkIIN Discovery Program. Dr Andrews completed undergraduate training in Immunology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, receiving the University Medal for his honours studies in glucocorticoid-induced hypertension. After gaining specialist qualifications in Medical Oncology in 2012, he completed a PhD in genomics and melanoma biology at the Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and University of Melbourne, followed by a three-year postdoctoral fellowship at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center focused on multi-platform biomarker studies of cancer immunotherapy and targeted therapy. He leverages clinical interests in cancers of the skin, chest, and head & neck, to fuel translational cancer research in these tumour types, evaluating the clinical outcomes, biomarkers, and fundamental biology of cancer therapies. He has particular expertise in cancer immunobiology, integrative immunogenomic analyses and the cancer microbiome, having published in these fields in journals such as Nature Medicine, Nature, Science, Cell, and Lancet Oncology. Dr Andrews is also the clinical lead for melanoma registry projects through the Personalised Oncology Division at WEHI. He is actively involved with cancer clinical trials as a Principal or Co-Investigator at The Alfred and supervises both clinical and research trainees. Find out more about Dr Miles Andrews
Dr Asolina Braun leads the Skin Immunology Group in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at Monash University. She obtained a PhD in Infection Biology by establishing a novel intralymphatic injection technique to track how immune cells migrate from the periphery to the draining lymph nodes. During postdoctoral studies, she developed a keen interest in skin-resident CD8+ memory T cells (TRM) and immunopeptidomics. Now, Dr. Braun’s group combines mass spectrometry-based antigen discovery approaches with TRM biology research to gain a better understanding of the antigen-specific mechanisms that make or break tolerance, with a focus on skin immunity. Find out more about Dr Asolina Braun
A/Prof Zongyuan Ge conducts interdisciplinary research at the boundary between Medical Artificial Intelligence, Computer-aided Diagnosis, Biomedical Engineering, Digital Health, Medical Imaging and Machine Learning and is a multi-award-winning medical information science and technology entrepreneur. His research leverages cutting-edge AI technologies using large-scale multi-modality medical data including imaging, biological signal, medical records, genomics data, multi-omics and models the clinicians’ medical knowledge underlying tasks like diagnosis, prognosis, disease management and treatment for eye (ophthalmology), skin (dermatology), heart (cardiovascular) and neurodegeneration diseases such as epilepsy and multiple sclerosis. He is also one of Australia’s most in-demand experts in advanced technology, including medical robotics and artificial intelligence, and is a passionate science communicator. He currently holds the tenure position of Associate Professor at the Monash University, the Faculty of IT and the Faculty of Engineering. He is the Founding Director of the Monash Medical AI and AIM for Health Lab. In the industry leadership role, he holds NVIDIA AI Fellowship since 2018, serves as the Chief Scientist at Monash-Airdoc Research Centre and the Chief Research Officer at Optain Health governing the R&D and education activities. Find out more about A/Prof Zongyuan Ge
Ms Céline Pattaroni is a group leader in the Department of Immunology at Monash University, where she leads the Computational Immunology group, part of the Mucosal Immunology lab. With postgraduate degrees in Medical Biology and Bioinformatics from the University of Lausanne, Switzerland, Céline specialises in leveraging computational tools to integrate multi-omics data from clinical samples. Her research primarily focuses on childhood asthma and atopic dermatitis, utilising a comprehensive approach that includes microbiome profiling, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. In the era of omics technologies and artificial intelligence, her passion lies in harnessing the power of big data to extract meaningful insights. By applying these advanced methods to the skin, our largest organ, she aims to unravel complex disease mechanisms and discover information that traditional approaches could not reveal. Céline's work has significantly advanced the understanding of early-life immune-microbial dynamics, with publications in high-impact journals such as Cell Host & Microbe and Nature Immunology. She has secured over $4.7 million in competitive funding, including a recent Sanofi Pathways Grant for atopic dermatitis research. Through her innovative research, Céline continues to contribute to the development of precision medicine in immunology. Find out more about Ms Céline Pattaroni
Research themes
Image analysis/AI
Multi-modal based Foundation Models (FM), which are large-scale AI models with billions of parameters capable of performing a wide range of tasks, represent a key paradigm in our dermatology AI research. Through our data-linkage and center programs, such as ACEMID, we aim to train and apply FM Dermatology to address overdiagnosis and variability, improve the selection of patients at high risk of disease progression, and positively impact care delivery.
Integrative Bioinformatics and Microbiome
Our goal is to unravel the complexities of skin diseases through multiomics profiling, which involves integrating data from various biological layers. This approach includes analysing information from different skin cells and the diverse microbes that inhabit our skin, known as the microbiome. By combining these datasets, we aim to gain a comprehensive understanding of skin health and disease, such as eczema.
Neoplasia
Our skin protects us from the external environment, but prolonged and repeated
insults like UV radiation, physical, chemical and microbial damage, and inflammation
all take their toll, contributing to skin cancer formation. We aim to reduce the
morbidity and mortality of skin cancers through better use of existing anti-cancer
therapies, and by discovering new ways to prevent or treat skin cancer. To achieve
this, we study skin cancer patient cohorts, clinical biospecimens and pre-clinical
cancer models using techniques such as next generation sequencing,
multiparameter spectral flow cytometry, and blood-based biomarker screening.
Through interdisciplinary cooperation we hope to accelerate our understanding of
how the skin, immune cells, and the broader environment interact to cause – or
defeat – skin cancer.
Skin Immunology
The involvement of the immune system in skin can provide a beneficial defence against environmental threats or trigger detrimental pathology. By exploring the diverse immune cell types and their interactions within the skin’s unique epidermal and dermal microenvironments, we aim to uncover the mechanisms behind skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis, eczema, psoriasis, and skin infections. We utilise advanced immunological approaches, mass spectrometry and spatial technology to enhance our understanding of skin-specific immunity and pave the way for innovative treatments.
Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as eczema, is a chronic skin condition affecting millions of people worldwide and can significantly impact quality of life. Ongoing research into AD aims to develop more effective treatments and understand its complex pathophysiology using multi-omics profiling of AD and control skin biopsies to identify molecular signatures associated with disease, treatment response, and side effects of medications like Dupilumab. This involves examining the interplay between immune pathways, barrier function, and microbiota. Additionally, the roles of neural crest-derived cells, such as Schwann cells and melanocytes, are being investigated to understand their interactions with immune cells and their influence on Th2-mediated inflammation. Another aspect of the research explores the gut-skin axis, studying how gut microbiome-derived metabolites affect skin health and AD.
Biologic basis and prognostic impact of tumour ulceration and necrosis in melanoView
Pathologic examination of melanomas provides critical diagnostic and prognostic information. In primary tumours, the presence of ulceration of the overlying skin surface is the second most significant adverse prognostic finding after tumour thickness: Whether it is a cause or consequence of more aggressive disease is unknown. Preliminary data from clinically relevant genetically engineered mouse models of melanoma in our laboratories suggest that a loss of Natural Killer (NK) cell function may play a major role in the development of ulceration in subcutaneously implanted melanoma tumours, which may be of relevance to primaries and metastases alike. Separately, while necrosis in primary melanomas is relatively uncommon and appears to be a poor prognostic sign, necrosis in melanoma metastases is anecdotally common but of uncertain prognostic importance. We are interested in understanding whether factors intrinsic to the melanoma cells, or broader features of the tumour microenvironment and host immunity (or all of these) drive ulceration or necrosis in melanoma tumours. We aim to quantify the prognostic impact of spontaneous tumour necrosis, which is of increasing relevance as functional cancer imaging modalities like PET and pre-operative medical treatment for melanoma become more commonplace and sophisticated.
Immunomodulation in the context of skin cancer and skin toxicityView
Skin cancers are amongst the most highly immunogenic types of cancer, due in large part to the effects of typical skin cancer-causing carcinogens like UV radiation and viral infections. As a result, skin cancers collectively lead the pack for responses to cancer immunotherapy. Patients who require immunosuppressive medication for other reasons, such as solid organ transplants, have weakened immune systems and are at high risk of developing skin cancers, which can be highly aggressive. Conversely, patients who receive cancer immunotherapy have over-stimulated immune systems and frequently experience inflammatory immune-mediated toxicities that require immunosuppressive medication to resolve. The safe use of cancer immunotherapy thus requires a detailed understanding of immune balance, and judicious use of immunomodulating therapies (whether stimulatory or inhibitory). Through a program of connected clinical and translational studies across patients receiving cancer immunotherapy, and a SkIIN Discovery Program focus on patients with skin cancers or skin-related immunotherapy toxicity, we are exploring the factors that determine beneficial or damaging immune responses, and optimal pathways for individualised immunomodulatory drug selection.
Psoriasis is a skin autoimmune disease that affects 2-3% of the global population. Around half of the patients carry the major risk gene for developing the disease: Human Leukocyte Antigen-C*06:02 (HLA-Cw6). The function of HLA molecules is to present little protein snippets (peptide antigens) to immune cells. The immune cells, in turn, decide whether the presented antigen is harmless and can be ignored or poses a danger and needs to be dealt with. Although current treatments are able to dampen aberrant immune responses in psoriasis, the cause for recurrent skin lesions in psoriasis remain obscure. Our group investigates how the first steps of antigen presentation by HLA-Cw6 can lead to a flare-up and persistent disease. Such a deeper understanding of the first steps of psoriasis lesion formation is essential to develop new, long-lasting therapies.