罷

파

파할 파

v

To dismiss, withdraw, stop

파 (罷): ‘dismiss, withdraw, stop’ as in 東弼請悉罷山城 留屯二哨兵 ‘Kim Tongp’il requested the two companies of troops station at the mountain fortress all be dismissed and return to their farming.’ Yŏngjo 17. 1728/4/5. 조선왕조실록

(history.go.kr). (ADJ).

破

파

깨뜨릴

v

To release

宜破械出之 ‘It is only right that we release him from his shackles’ Yŏngjo 16. 1728/3/25. 조선왕조실록

(history.go.kr). (ADJ)

波蕩

파탕

물결 파, 쓸어버릴 탕

v, adj

Water flowing, agitated, unstable, wander aimlessly (불안정, 정처없이 떠돌아다니다

以此人心靡定, 訛言朋興, 民皆荷擔, 若將有波蕩之勢。"Because of this, the people are agitated, groundless rumours are circulating and people are packing up as if they are going to take to a life of wandering." Yŏngjo 24. 1729/5/12. https://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wua_10512007_003. (ADJ)

販

판

팔 판

v, n

To buy, sell. Merchant, seller

庚午年倭變後, 銅鐵甚貴, 今於市肆銅鐵之多, 無異於古, 此必與倭奴潛相往來興販而然也。"After the Japanese Disturbance (Samp'o Waebyŏn, Disturbance of the Three Ports) in the kyŏngo year (1510), there was little copper or iron coins, but now there is as much in the city as before. This is certainly due to illicit commerce, buying and selling carried out with Japanese lowlifes (倭奴). Chungjong 21. 1514/11/10. https://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wka_10911010_001. (DOP).

八字

팔자

여덟 팔, 글자 자

n

fate, destiny, fortune, one's lot. One's Eight characters (according to the Book of Changes)

陰竹居金義淳稱名者, 來到臣家, 見其所持冊, 則滿朝宰相朝士八字, 無不書之, 其中丙申生三八字, 已爲推卜而書之。"Kim Ŭisun (金義淳), a resident of Ŭmjuk, visited the house of a subordinate, and there saw recorded the fortunes of various ministers and retainer of the court. Among those fortunes were three born in the pyŏngsin year." Myŏngjong 9. 4/21/1549. https://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kma_10404021_004. (DOP).

霸

패

으뜸 패

n, v

hegemon, overlord (chief among feudal lords). Rule as a hegemon, rule by force

晋覇謙迎宋大夫 "The hegemon of Jin courteously received the ministers of Song." Sŏngjong 64. 2/28/1476. https://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wia_10702028_001. (DOP).

敗

패

패할 패

v

To be defeated, ruined, to fail. Defeat (someone else).

豆蘭爲前鋒, 先與戰, 大敗而還 "Turan took the lead and fought a great battle (with T'aejo), but was roundly defeated and forced to turn back." T'aejo 1 (1392). https://sillok.history.go.kr/id/waa_000069. (DOP).

平

평

평평할 평

adj, v

To be level, flat, tranquil, at peace. To pacify. To be fair.

大豐之驗, 適當此時, 人情欣欣以爲, 太平之治, 庶幾復見。"At that time there was great abundance, and the people were very glad, and they believed that a time of great peace had returned." Hyojong 1. 1649/8/19. https://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wqa_10008019_002. (DOP).

弊

폐

폐할 폐

v

To abuse

俾絶無辜枉罹之弊 "Stop the abuse (practice) of unjustly killing those innocents who may have been captured." Yŏngjo 17. 1728/4/3. 조선왕조실록

(history.go.kr). (ADJ).

廢

폐

폐단 폐

adj

wasted, superfluous (can be used in the sense of 폐고(廢錮)된 족속 to describe families that have been permanently deprived of office)

乞令妻子孫, 盡黜遐裔, 終身廢錮, 以勵風俗, 不勝幸甚。"It would be most fortunate and in keeping with custom if his wives and offspring were banished to a far-flung region and were permanently deprived of office until their death." Sejong 72. 1436/4/15. https://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wda_11804015_002. (DOP).

幣

폐

비단 폐

n

Sacrificial offerings, presents, money

嬖

폐

사랑할 폐

n, v

The sexual favorite (of a ruler). To make someone a sexual favorite

暴

폭

햇빛 쪼일 폭

v

To display, to make known

敢暴此衷 “so we should have the courage to make known our true feelings.” Yŏngjo 16. 1728/3/27. 조선왕조실록

(history.go.kr). (ADJ).

暴

폭

햇빛 쪼일 폭

adj

Cruel, violent, savage

强凌弱衆暴寡, 何有寧息之時! "When the strong overpower the weak, and the many tyrannize the few, how can we rest comfortably?" T'aejong 7. 1404/4/4. https://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wca_10404004_001. (DOP).

風

풍

바람 풍

n

Rumours

望風逃竄 “They fled and hid with rumours of the enemy’s approach’ (fixed expression). Yŏngjo 16. 1728/3/25. 조선왕조실록

(history.go.kr). See also Sŏngjong 259. 1491/11/10. 조선왕조실록

(history.go.kr). (ADJ).

彼

피

저 피

pron

That, that one, those

由是窮者, 棄兒於道路, 我土之民收養, 而轉賣於彼人者有之。"Because of this, the poor cast their children into the streets, while there are those among our people who take these children in, raise them, and sell them to those people (Jurchens)." Chungjong 15. 1512/2/24. https://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kka_10702024_001. (DOP).