Dr. Daniel Duke

Dr. Daniel Duke

Senior Lecturer
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Room 205, 14 Alliance Lane, Clayton VIC 3800

Dr Daniel Duke is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering at Monash University. He leads the Monash Multiphase Flow Laboratory.

Logo   Multiphase Flow Research Group

Daniel’s area of research is turbulent multi-phase fluid mechanics. His specific research interests include:

  • cavitation in turbulent nozzle flows,
  • spray atomisation and aerosol formation,
  • flash-evaporating sprays,
  • particle transport, multicomponent droplet mixing and evaporation in sprays.

This work translates to practical applications in:

  • fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines, gas turbines and rockets
  • pharmaceutical sprays – such as metered dose inhalers and nebulisers
  • other medical devices
  • turbomachinery

Daniel specialises in the development and application of synchrotron x-ray diagnostics, optical diagnostics, and high performance computing tools to better understand the complex physical phenomena which occur in these multiphase systems. Daniel’s current work concerns the development of synchrotron diagnostics for the study of cavitation, liquid atomisation and particle formation in medical sprays.

Dr. Duke currently supervises 5 HDRs and 2 postdocs. He has been awarded over AUD2.5M in competitive research grants and fellowships with AUD 1.6M of this being for collaborative industrial research. Over the past decade Duke has undertaken end-user focused industrial research with major international automotive manufacturers, has led two ARC Linkage Projects with multinational pharmaceutical companies, and manages smaller R&D collaborations with several Australian SMEs. Dr. Duke has a h-index of 26, and his research has been cited over 2100 times (Google Scholar, Dec 2024).

Large Eddy Simulation of cavitation in a fuel injector nozzle. © D. Duke, Monash University

 

Dr. Duke undertaking synchrotron research at the Advanced Photon Source, Chicago, IL. © Argonne National Laboratory.

Qualifications

  • Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering), Monash University
  • Bachelor of Engineering (Mechanical) (Hons.), Monash University
  • Bachelor of Technology (Aerospace), Monash University

Expertise

Multiphase fluid mechanics
  • Cavitation
  • Sprays
    • Gasoline direct injection fuel sprays
    • Diesel direct injection fuel sprays
    • Pharmaceutical sprays
    • Hydrofluorocarbon sprays
  • Synchrotron diagnostics for fluid systems
  • High-speed scientific photography

Memberships and Fellowships

  • Member of the Institute of Engineers Australia (MIEAust)
  • ARC DECRA Fellow – 2017
  • ANSTO Fulbright Scholar in Nuclear Science & Technology — 2011

Awards

  • Monash University Faculty of Engineering Dean’s Award for Excellence in Research by an Early Career Researcher — 2018
  • Best Oral Presentation Award – ILASS-Europe conference — 2016
  • William R. Marshall Award (Institute of Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems) — 2016, 2013
  • Argonne National Laboratory “Pacesetter Award” — 2016
  • Bill Melbourne Medal (Best PhD Thesis in the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering) – 2012

Invited/Keynote Speaker Engagements

  • Respiratory Drug Delivery 2018 conference, Tucson, Arizona USA
  • ILASS-Americas 28th Annual Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems internal nozzle flow workshop, May 2016, Mighigan, USA
  • 7th Australian Conference on Laser Diagnostics in Fluid Mechanics and Combustion, Melbourne, Australia, December 2015
  • Invited Speaker and Session Co-ordinator — Gasoline Direct Injection internal and near-nozzle experiments at the 4th Engine Combustion Network Workshop, Kyoto, Japan, September 2015

Research Interests

Daniel’s area of research is turbulent multi-phase fluid mechanics. His specific research interests include:

  • cavitation in turbulent nozzle flows,
  • spray atomisation and aerosol formation,
  • flash-evaporating sprays,
  • particle transport, multicomponent droplet mixing and evaporation in sprays.

This work translates to practical applications in:

  • fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines, gas turbines and rockets
  • pharmaceutical sprays – such as metered dose inhalers and nebulisers
  • other medical devices
  • turbomachinery

Daniel specialises in the development and application of synchrotron x-ray diagnostics, optical diagnostics, and high performance computing tools to better understand the complex physical phenomena which occur in these multiphase systems. Daniel’s current work concerns the development of synchrotron diagnostics for the study of cavitation, liquid atomisation and particle formation in medical sprays.

PMDI spray

See https://daniel-duke.net/my-publications/ for a complete list of Daniel’s publications.

Linkage Project — Australian Research Council — 2024

LP230200649, “Engineering optimal particle maturation in multicomponent sprays”

AUD 547k over 3 years – This project aims to develop novel methods to precisely measure and control particle maturation processes in multicomponent technical aerosols. The project expects to generate knowledge in the field of multiphase fluid mechanics and aerosol science through a combination of laser fluorescence, X-ray scattering and microscopy techniques. Expected outcomes of this project include a capacity to engineer particle size and shape in multicomponent aerosols across a range of aerosol devices which are capable of outperforming currently available products while enabling the transition to more environmentally friendly propellant chemicals. This project aims to benefit the pharmaceutical industry by accelerating the design of aerosol delivery systems.

Discovery Project — Australian Research Council — 2023

DP230100154, “Carbon in a Bubble: Cavitation in Ionic Liquids”

AUD 430k over 3 years – This project aims to investigate the potential of pressure-driven phase change as an energy-efficient mechanism for removing dissolved gases from low melting point salts, by advancing understanding of the cavitation behaviour of ionic liquids. This project expects to generate new knowledge in the area of fluid mechanics through an innovative combination of advanced computational simulations and synchrotron X-ray measurement techniques developed by the investigators. Expected outcomes of this project include expanded understanding of the physics of ionic liquids, and the ability to engineer more efficient gas separation systems. The project aims to benefit the chemical and energy sectors through improved energy efficiency.

Linkage Project — Australian Research Council — 2020

LP190100938, “Enabling precise droplet control in hydrofluorocarbon free sprays.“

AUD 450k over 3 years – This project aims to investigate the use of blended propellants to replace hydrofluorocarbons in technical aerosols. This project expects to generate new knowledge in the area of multiphase fluid mechanics and aerosol science through a combination of modeling, optical and synchrotron X-ray measurement techniques. Expected outcomes of this project include a capacity to develop environmentally friendly technical aerosol formulations which can match and potentially outperform currently available hydrofluorocarbon based products. This should provide significant benefits to the pharmaceutical industry through the generation of new knowledge regarding the fundamental physics of multicomponent sprays.

Discovery Project — Australian Research Council — 2020

DP200102016, “Engineering an environmentally-friendly metered dose inhaler”

AUD 180k over 3 years – This project aims to deliver a novel simulation framework to accurately predict the behaviour of metered dose inhaler sprays using advanced numerical methods for flash-evaporating turbulent flows developed by the investigators. The project expects to generate new knowledge of the complex physics which occur in these devices through a first of its kind combination of unsteady non-equilibrium thermodynamics, turbulence and spray models. Expected outcomes of this project include a novel ability to predict and optimise the performance of inhalers to suit environmentally-friendly replacement propellants. This will significantly benefit the pharmaceutical sector as it will accelerate the design of next-generation inhalers and propellants.

Faculty of Engineering RSP Small Equipment Grant – 2021 – AUD 50,000

Faculty of Engineering 2021 ECA Support Program – 2021 – AUD 5,000

National Computational Merit Allocation Scheme ECR Merit Allocation — 2018,19

250k core-hours per year on National Computational Infrastructure (Australia) high performance computing facilities to undertake computational fluid dynamics simulations of pressurised metered dose inhaler sprays. Early career researcher category.

Monash University Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Travel Grant — 2018, 2019

Awarded a total of 4.9k over 2 years to support research visits to the United States.

Monash-Penn State Collaboration Seed Fund — 2018

Project Title – “An inside look at fluidic inserts – X-ray measurements of novel noise-reduction strategies for supersonic jets”.  AUD 20k over 12 months.

Australian Synchrotron – International Synchrotron Access Program — 2018

Proposal 14204, “Time-resolved X-ray radiography and fluorescence measurements of medical inhaler sprays.” AUD 6400 travel grant.

Engineering Discovery Seed Fund — Monash University Faculty of Engineering — 2018

Project title – “Engineering particle surfaces for advanced spray drying”. AUD 23k over 1 year

Linkage Project — Australian Research Council — 2017

LP160101845 – “Improving respiratory drug delivery through targeted nozzle design”
Industry Partner – Chiesi Limited

AUD 555k over 3 years – The project aims to develop designs for inhaler components which significantly reduce the existing variability in the sprays they produce, as well as an enhanced capacity to predict inhaler performance through development of new empirical models. The long term benefit from this research will be improved delivery efficiency and shorter product development times, leading to reduced dose-rate costs. This understanding will enable the development of the next generation of treatment devices with enhanced efficiency in delivery of the drugs used to treat these diseases and reduced costs per dose.

Discovery Early Career Research Award — Australian Research Council — 2017

DE170100018 – “Engineering suspended particle sprays through controlled cavitation”

AUD 362k over 3 years – This project aims to establish how cavitation can be used to engineer particle size in sprays of micronised particles suspended in a propellant, and deliver a physical mechanism by which this process occurs. This will be achieved through a novel combination of high-resolution optical imaging techniques and synchrotron x-ray diagnostics. This research will provide physical insight that will have applications for inhaled and topical pharmaceutical sprays, as well as industry spray drying of food products. 

Co-operative Research Project, Agilent Technologies Australia — 2017

AUD 256k over 2 years – “Novel Sample introduction techniques for Plasma based Atomic Spectroscopy”.

Laboratory Directed Research & Development (LDRD) Seed Grant — 2016

Grant 2017-098-N0 – “X-ray Investigation of the Potential of Pressure-Assisted Atomization Technology for Medical Inhaler Sprays.”

Received USD 25.5k in funding from the U.S. Department of Energy to undertake a 6-month research project using synchrotron x-rays at the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory to investigate the commercial potential of pressure assisted atomization for pharmaceutical sprays.

Teaching Commitments

  • MAE3405 - Aerospace Propulsion
  • MAE2505 - Aerospace Dynamics
Last modified: 02/06/2025